Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question - When a child ‘fails’, it means

The emphasis from teaching to learning can be shifted by

The most effective method to teach the concept of germination of seeds is

Inclusive education

Which of the following is an objective question?

Which of the following is a feature of progressive education?

A teacher, after preparing a question paper, checks whether the questions test specific testing objectives. He is concerned primarily about the question paper’s

Critical pedagogy firmly believes that

School-based assessment is primarily based on the principle that

Learners display individual differences. So a teacher should

Which of the following is a principle of development?

Human development is divided into domains such as

A teacher uses a text and some pictures of fruits and vegetables and holds a discussion with her students. The students link the details with their previous knowledge and learn the concept of nutrition. This approach is based on

A child starts to cry when his grandmother takes him from his mother’s lap. The child cries due to

In the context of education, socialization means

A school gives preference to girls while preparing students for a State level solo-song competition. This reflects

Vygotsky emphasized the significance of the role played by which of the following factors in the learning of children?

A teacher makes use of a variety of task to cater to the different learning styles of her learners. She is influenced by

A teacher never gives answer to questions herself. She encourages her students to suggest answer, have group discussions and adopt collaborative learning. This approach is based on the principle of

Which of the following is a teacher-related factor affective learning?

According to Kohlberg, a teacher can instill moral values in children by

Young learners should be encouraged to interact with peers in the classroom so that

When a child with a disability first comes to school, the teacher should

According to Piaget’s stages of Cognitive Development, the sensori-motor stage is associated with

Human personality is the result of

Individual attention is important in the teaching-learning process because

Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method of problem-solving?

Which of the following is a domain of learning?

When a child gets bored while doing a task, it is a sign that

Errors of learners often indicate

Directions: Answer the following question by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question - The concept of areas of plane figures can be introduced to students of Class V by

Computational skills in Mathematics can be enhanced by

To teach various units of length to the students of Class III, a teacher shall take the following material to the class:

The objective of teaching number system to Class III students is to enable the students

Most appropriate strategy that can be used to internalize the skill of addition of money is

A teacher uses the following riddle in a class while developing the concept of base 10 and place value: ‘I am less than 8 tens and 4 ones.’ The objective of this activity is

To assess the students’ competency on solving of word problems based on addition and subtraction, rubrics of assessment are

Ms. Reena uses a grid activity to teach the concept of multiplication of decimal. A sample is illustrated below:

0.2×0.3 = 0.06

Through this method, Ms. Reena is

While planning a lesson on the concept of fraction addition, a teacher is using the activity of strip folding:

The above activity is a

A suitable approach for explaining that a remainder is always less than the divisor to Class IV students can be

The figure consists of five square of the same size. The area of the figure is 180 square centimetres. The perimeter (in cm) of the figure will be

While teaching the addition of fraction, it was observed by Mr. Singh that the following type of error is very common:

2/3 + 2/5 = 4/10

Mr. Singh should take the following remedial action:

The solid as shown in the figure is made up of cubical blocks each of side 1 cm. the number of blocks is

The NCF (2005) considered that Mathematics involves ‘a certain way of thinking and reasoning’. The vision can be realized by

Rizul is a kinesthetic learner. His teacher Ms. Neha understood his style of learning. Which of the following strategies should she choose to clear his concept of multiplication?

(a) Counting the points of intersection on criss-cross line

(b) Forcing him to memorise all tables

(c) Use stings and beads of two different colours to get the multiples of 2, 3, etc.

(d) Skip counting

Use of Abacus in Class II does not help the students to

In which of the following divisions, will the remainder be more than the remainder you get when you divide 176 by 3? 

500 cm + 50 m +5 km=

‘Recognition of pattern and their completion’ is an essential part of Mathematics curriculum at primary stage as it

Sum of place values of 6 in 63606 is

The difference of 5671 and the number obtained on reversing its digits is

Study the following pattern:

1×1=1

11×11 = 121

111×111 = 12321

What is 11111×11111 = ?

Which of the following is correct?

A shop has 239 toys. Seventy more toys were brought in. then 152 of them were sold. The number of toys left was

A pencil costs two and a half rupees. Amit buys one and a half dozen pencils and gives a 100 rupees note to the shopkeeper. The money he will get back is

In the product 3759 9573 × , the sum of tens’ digits and units’ digits is

What time is 4 hours 59 minutes before 2:58 P.M?

19 thousands + 19 hundreds + 19 ones is equal to

If 567567567 is divided by 567, the quotient is

How many 1/8 are in 1/2 ?

PART-III

ENVIRONMENT STUDIES

Do You Want To Continue 

Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question : Weight-lifters are generally required to make more muscles and body mess. For the purpose, they need to take a diet which is rich in 

Rekha’s mother adds Phitkari (Alum) to water collected from the pond every day in order to

Which one of the following teaching strategies will be most effective for maximum involvement of students in teaching the concept of food chain?

In order to separate a mixture of sand and salt, which one of the following four sequences of processes has to be used?

A science teacher administered a test after teaching the topic on ‘Respiration’ and observed that majority of the students did not understand the difference between respiration and breathing. This could be due to the reason that

Which one of the following is a good cooking practice?

While teaching the topic on ‘Air’, an EVS teacher wanted to demonstrate that air has weight and occupies space. Her colleague suggested the following four different activities for this purpose to her:

A. Place an empty inverted beaker on the surface of the water and start pressing it down

B. Suck the juice through a straw

C. Blow air in a balloon

D. Tie two inflated balloons to a rod and establish equilibrium. Then puncture one of the balloons.

Which of the above activities will lead to demonstrating the desired result?

Which one of the following four teaching methodologies followed by four different Science teachers for teaching the topic ‘Air Pollution’ is most appropriate?

A teacher can identify a stressed child when the child shows the following behaviour:

While performing experiments with water, Jyoti observed that an empty steel bowl floats but a small iron nail sinks in water. This can be explained by the fact that

Which one of the following pairs of life processes occurs both in plants and animals?

Anjali’s friend suggested the following four ways to avoid tooth decay:

A. Brush your teeth twice a day

B. Wear braces to avoid enamel decay

C. Avoid sweets, chocolates and carbonated drinks

D. Rinse mouth after every meal

Which of the above ways should Anjali follow?

Study the Venn diagram given below:

Which of the following animals can be placed at ‘X’?

An air-pump is kept in an aquarium in order to

A fish dies when it is put in an aquarium filled with previously boiled water but cooled to room temperature. This happens because the water in the aquarium is

Which one of the following best describes the features on the surface of the Moon?

Arti noticed the following precautions related to prevention of spread of a disease on a poster:

A. Do not let water collect around you

B. Keep water pots, coolers and tanks clean

C. Spray oil if water has collected at some place

D. Use nets to protect yourself

The poster is aimed at creating awareness about the spread of

In which one of the following groups are the words intimately related?

The major purpose of periodic parent- teacher interactions is to

While teaching how different food items can be kept fresh for some time, Radha enumerated the following techniques to her class:

A. Put it in a bowl and keep the bowl in an open container having cold water

B. Wrap it in a damp cloth

C. Spread it open in sunshine

D. Cut it into small pieces and keep it in the dark

Which one of the following food items is she referring to, corresponding to techniques ‘b’ above?

While teaching the topic ‘Friction’ to Class V students, a teacher gave a number of examples to explains that friction is also useful to us in many ways. Which one of the following examples was quoted by her incorrectly?

All big cities are facing the problem of environmental pollution as a result of a large number of vehicles on the roads. The best way an individual in the city can contribute towards environmental protection is by

Samir of Class V usually does not submit his assignment to the EVS teacher in time. The best corrective measure could be to

While teaching the topic on ‘Air is everywhere’, a teacher asks the following questions from the students:

A. Is there air in the soil?

B. Is there air inside water

C. Is there air inside our body?

D. Is there air inside our bones?

Which one of the following skills is the teacher trying to develop in the learners?

There are four below average students in a class. Which one of the following strategies will be most effective to bring them at par with the most students?

Which one of the following sequences of steps is the correct way of preparing a balanced question paper?

The topic ‘Depletion of Petroleum and Coal’ was taught to Section A of a class by using multimedia capsule while the other Section B was taught through diagrams drawn on the Green Board. It was found later that students Section A understood the topic to a better extent. This could be due to the reason that

In order to introduce the topic on ‘Nutrition’ in class more effectively, a teacher should

Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate and Evaluate are five important ‘Es’ in relation to effective teaching of Science.

To provide practical experiences to the students related to the concept of ‘Necessary conditions for germination’, a Science teacher asks them to do the following activities:

A. Soak seeds overnight and keep these is a wet cotton cloth.

B. Observe the seeds after two days and record the changes.

C. Read the book and attempt the given worksheet.

Which of the five ‘Es’ given above are not being covered in the above activities given by the teacher?

After having been taught about the rich flora and fauna in India, the students of primary classes were taken to Ranthambhore National Park by the school. This would help the students to

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: The evening star rises when

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: Here, ‘bower’ represents

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: The poet compares moon to 

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: The angels come down on earth to 

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: ‘Birds’ nest is described as ‘thoughtless’ because 

Directions: Read the poem given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Night

The sun descending in the west,

The evening star does shine;

The birds are silent in their nest,

And I must seek for mine,

The moon, like a flower,

In heaven’s high bower,

With silent delight

Sits and smiles on the night.

Farewell, green fields and happy groves,

Where flocks have took delight.

Where lambs have nibbled,

silent moves The feet of angels bright;

Unseen they pour blessing,

And joy without ceasing,

On each bud and blossom,

And each sleeping bosom.

They look in every thoughtless nest,

Where birds are covered warm;

They visit caves of every beast,

To keep them all from ham.

If they see any weeping

That should have been sleeping,

They pour sleep on their head,

And sit down by their bed.

Question: The figure of speech used in the line ‘In heaven’s high bower is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: The principle of weight training is

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: Weight training makes the muscles 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: During weight training, the heart pumps 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: A stronger and more efficient heart 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: When neural paths become more effective

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: What does the term ‘well-oiled’ in the passage denote? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: Which one of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: What does the above passage suggest?

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

Our body is a wondrous mechanism and when subjected to unusual stress over a period of time, it adapts itself to deal more effectively with that stress. Therefore, when you exert your muscles against resistance, they are forced to adapt and deal with this extraordinary workload. This is the principle of weight training. Strands of muscle fibres become thicker and stronger is response to the demands placed on them. One of the great merits of weight training is the strength of your heart. During weight training, your heart is forced to beat faster and stronger in order to pump sufficient blood to the muscles being worked. In time, your heart, like your body, will adapt to this extra-workload by becoming stronger and more efficient. Since your body needs a given amount of blood to perform its daily tasks, your heart will now need fewer beats to pump the same quantity of blood. Sounds goods? There’s more. Your entire circulatory system is given a thorough workout every time you exercise, which increases its overall efficiency. Even the neural paths from your brain’s command centres to each individual muscle become more effective, enabling easier recruitment of muscles fibres for carrying out physical tasks. In essence, your body becomes a well-oiled and finely-tuned piece of machinery, whirring along without any breakdown. In today’s stress-filled world, you need all the help you can get.

Question: The word ‘wondrous’ (first line) is

Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question: The most effective tool to assess values and attitude of learners is 

A teacher engages her learners in a fun activity before beginning a new lesson. The purpose of this activity is to

The main purpose of using oral drill is

The best way to sensitise young learners to rhythm and intonation is

Seating arrangement should be flexible so that

An effective language teacher

Telling interesting stories to young learners is primarily meant for improving their

Knowledge of more than one language

Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation should be adopted by all schools because

Curriculum is an educational programme which does not state

A ‘sight word’ is a vocabulary item

We use real objects to teach young learners new words because

Which of the following is an important stage in the writing process?

A good introduction to a text should be

Scanning means darting over much of a text to search for

Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.

Question: The main responsibility of a language teacher as a facilitator is 

Which of the following will help learners take greater responsibility for their own learning?

The main purpose of assessment is

When young learners are taught to improve their spelling and punctuation, they will

Instead of asking questions and getting answers from her learners, a teacher gives some short texts and asks her learners to frame questions. Her primary objective is to

Reading between the lines as a sub-skill of reading mainly involves

Correct speech habits can be developed most effectively through

After reading a poem, a teacher involves the learners in group work. One group writes the summary of the poem, another draws a picture to depict the main theme and yet another sets the poem to music. This activity

Young learners will enjoy a play included in the text-book when they

Under Constructivist Approach to language learning, learners are encourage to

After a story-telling session, the learners are asked to change the ending of the story. This will help the learners

When young learners are asked to read a text silently, they should be instructed

The primary objective of using role play is

Language skills are best learnt

Substitution table drill helps teachers in

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: When a part of the body is anaesthetized, 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The real purpose of using anaesthetics is

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: An anaesthetic is inhaled when it is administered 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: When a gas is used as an anaesthetic, the anaesthesia is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: Spinal anaesthesia is resorted to when

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The expression ‘the site of the operative incision’ (line 22-23) means 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: An ‘abscess’ (line 34) is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: The word opposite in meaning to the word ‘formerly’  is

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

Anaesthesia in any part of the body means a loss of sensation, either permanent or temporary. The term is usually used to describe the artificially produced loss of sensation which makes a surgical operation painless. There are four main types of anaesthesia: general, spinal, regional, and local. Anaesthetics may be given as gases, by inhalation; or as drugs injected into a vein. A patient given general anesthesia loses consciousness. Anaesthesia of a fairly large area of the body results from injecting the anaesthetic drug into the spinal canal: all that portion of the body below the level at which the drug is injected is anaesthetized. Regional anaesthesia is the injecting of the nerves as they emerge from the spinal column: the anaesthesia induced by this method effects only that area of the body supplied by those nerves. In local anaesthesia, the drug is injected directly at the site of the operative incision and sometimes also into the nearby surrounding tissues. Formerly the most commonly used local anaesthetic was cocaine, a drug extracted from the leaves of the coca bush and introduced in 1879. But cocaine has some disadvantages and, sometimes, undesirable side-effects. For spinal, regional and local anaesthesia, procaine, or one of the several modifications of procaine, is now widely used instead of cocaine. For very limited and short operations, such as opening a small abscess, local anaesthesia may be induced by spraying (rather than injecting) a chemical, ethyl chloride, on a small area of the skin; in changing from the liquid to the gaseous state, this drug freezes the area sprayed, and permits painless incision. 

Question: ‘Anaesthetic’ is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: What expression in the first paragraph suggests that shearing does not take place very often? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: The shearer first cuts the wool from the __________ of the sheep. 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: Why are loose clippings of wool gathered separately? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: Wool which has been sheared from a sheep is 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: What word from the passage best tells us that shears are like a very large pair of scissors? 

Directions: Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option. 

The farmer is up before dawn on shearing-day, driving his flock into pens. By eight o’clock the shearers arrives and after a hearty breakfast, they take their places on long benches that the farmer has improvised in the pens. Shears are taken from leather cases and sharpened with whetstones; a fire is lighted to heat pitch for the marking; and the work begins.

Soon the shearers fall into their routine. A lad seizes a sheep from the pen and ties its feet-not with a cord, because that might injure it, but with a strip of sacking. The sheep is carried to the benches, and the shearer begins to slice off the wool. First he shears the coarse wool from the sheep’s belly, then lays the animal in its side on the bench between his legs while he snips at the curly wool round the neck. He works to end fro along the ribs, peeling the wool back until it hangs like a cloak doubled back over and begins on the unclipped side. In a few moments the whole fleece falls away in one piece, looking like a dirty grey rug. A few more snips from the shears and the wool is cut from either side of the sheep’s tail, leaving the animal white and naked. The shearer pushes the sheep to the ground and immediately calls for another animal. Meanwhile the lad daubs the farmer’s mark in pitch on the newly shorn sheep, unties her legs, and drives her out of the shearing pens.

A second lad-the farmer’s son – seizes the fleece as it is tossed aside, rolls it up tucking the tail-wool in first, and secures the bundle by knotting the neck. Any loose clippings are gathered separately. The work continuous still one o’clock, when the farmer’s wife summons the men to dinner. Each man finishes the sheep that is beside him, then the whole party goes back to the farm house. The men troop into the farm kitchen, leaving their dogs to scuffle in the yard. After the shortest of dinner-breaks – for there is much to be done – the shearing continuous, and the pile of fleeces mounts.

Question: ‘The sheep is carried to the benches.’ It is an example of