Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: The skeleton of a pterosaur can be distinguished from a birds by the

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: Which is the characteristic of pterosaur? 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: The elongated finger in the supported the outstretched wings. 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: The body of the pterosaurs was covered in

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: The pterosaurs flew by 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: A synonym for ‘compressed’ , from the passage is 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: The opposite of ‘controversial’ is 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: It can be understood from the passage that scientists believe that the 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option.

1. The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries. How such large creatures, which had wingspans from 8 to 12 metres, solve the problems of powered flight, and exactly what these creatures’ were-reptiles or birds-are among the questions scientists have puzzled over.

2. Perhaps the least controversial assertion about the pterosaurs is that they were reptiles. Their skulls, pelvises and hind feet are reptilian. The anatomy of their wings suggests that they did not evolve into the class of birds. In pterosaurs, a greatly elongated fourth figure of each forelimb supported a wing like membrane. In birds the second finger is the principle strut of the wing. If the pterosaur walked or remained stationary, the fourth finger and with it the wing, could only turn upward in an extended inverted V-shape alongside of the animal’s body. Both the pterosaurs and the birds have hollow bones, a feature that represents a saving in weight. In the birds, however, these bones are reinforced more massively by internal struts.

3. Although scales typically cover reptiles, the pterosaurs probably had hairy coasts. The recent discovery of a pterosaur specimen covered in long, dense and relatively thick hair-like fossil material, was the first clear evidence that this reasoning was correct. Efforts to explain how the pterosaurs became air-borne have led to suggestions that they launched themselves by jumping from cliffs, by dropping from trees, or even by rising into light winds from the crests of waves.

Question: Fossils often left scientists in doubt whether the pterosaur 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: The man’s first instinct was 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: The natural process would have the wings of the butterfly 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: A word that means ‘to make or become withered’ is 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: The writer’s massage in his/her essay is about 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: The essay is ___________ in form. 

Directions: Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option :

1. A man found a cocoon of a butterfly. One day a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could, and it could go no further: So the man decided to help the butterfly. He took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then emerged easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, which would contract in time. 

Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings. It never was able to fly. What the man, in his kindness and haste, did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were God's way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Question: A man noticed that the ________. 

Directions: Answer the questions that follow by selecting the most appropriate option:

Question: The ‘bottom up model’ of curriculum is one where

The Humanistic Approach is specially tuned to the

A ‘special needs language classroom’ is ideally

One of the challenges of ‘Behaviour Management’ in a senior class is

To inculcate a ‘Never Give Up Attitude’, a suitable activity is the one when students

Assessing reading at Class VII, can be done most effectively through a

Curriculum development follows the following sequences:

The learning experiences that offer a vicarious experience to learners are

In Computer Aided Instruction [CAI], the ‘simulation mode’ is where learners

A ‘listening stimulus’

The ‘interactional routine’ during speaking assessment includes a

Retrieval skills in writing are

‘Awareness raising’ grammar games encourage students to

Language acquisition

Noah Chomsky’s reference to “deep structures” means a